FEEDING ECOLOGY OF PINE SHOOT BEETLES (TOMICUS SPP.) IN TREE CROWNS OF SCOTS PINE (PINUS SYLVESTRIS L.) STANDS UNDER ONE-YEAR OUTBREAK

Feeding ecology of pine shoot beetles (Tomicus spp.) in tree crowns of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands under one-year outbreak

Studies were carried out in southern Poland during 2002-2006 in Scots pine stands under the effect of an outbreak of pine shoot beetles.The qualitative aspects of beetle feeding in tree crowns, studied on the basis of fallen shoots collected on experimental plots, are presented in this paper.The beetle numbers affected the age distribution of damag

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The neurobiological mechanism underlying hypothalamic GnRH pulse generation: the role of kisspeptin neurons in the arcuate nucleus [version 1; peer review: 4 approved]

This review recounts the origins and development of the concept of the hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) pulse generator.It starts in the late 1960s when striking rhythmic episodes of luteinizing hormone secretion, as reflected by circulating concentrations of this gonadotropin, were first observed in monkeys and ends in the presen

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